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████ 重点词汇
████ 难点词汇
████ 生僻词
████ 词组 & 惯用语
[学习本文需要基础词汇量：
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：
Other - one of that are
in fact distant cousins of bears
- have to return... each year to
their on land
The
Here lives one of them...the
spend nearly
all their lives at sea,
but each year for just a few weeks...
...they have to return to the coast.
They seek out isolated beaches
like this one on Round lsland in the...
...far northern Pacific
Suitable sites like this,
free from bears, are so ...
...that at times as many as
fourteen thousand animals
will themselves on to this...
...one beach
When they first emerge from
the sea the are white
That's because being warm-blooded
animals living in very cold ocean,
they heat by...
...keeping their blood concentrated
in the core of their bodies
On land it's warm enough for them
to allow their...
...outer blood vessels to and
that turns their skin from white to pink
Now they can the outer
layers of their skin,
rubbing themselves up
against the rocks
But more than anything
else coming to land
brings the relief
from having to spend energy
maintaining their body temperature
in an icy-cold ocean
Heat conservation, in fact, may well
be the primary reason so many...
... are forced to
return to the land each year
The world's coldest seas
are in
Each spring, half the world's
return to the island
of
have particularly thick
of that keeps them warm
For them breeding is the only
reason to leave the sea
With temperatures down
to minus 20...
...and hundred mile an hour winds,
it can't be comfortable out on the beach,
but heat more
rapidly through water...
...than through air so even
in these conditions...
...their young which at first
don't have a thick coat
of will be far
warmer on the land
Once the males are established on the
beach the females soon follow
Within just ten days the empty beach
fills up with six thousand
Almost immediately the females give
birth to the previous year
Their milk is very rich and the
grow quickly
just three weeks they turn form thin
bags of skin to fat balls of
As soon as they've given birth,
the females become sexually
again...
...and it's now that the
advantages of breeding
in such dense colonies become clear
Females can make their
choice from many males,
while successful males can
have access to lots of females
But to gain that access and
control a of females,
must be prepared to fight
The larger the male, the louder the
and the more likely he is to win
When males are well matched these bloody
battles will last twenty minutes or more
Eventually, the loser
a stream already pink with his own blood
知识点
重点词汇
mammals ['mæml] n. [古生] 哺乳类；哺乳类动物（mammal的复数）；哺乳纲 { :5214}
roar [rɔ:(r)] n. 咆哮；吼；轰鸣 vi. 咆哮；吼叫；喧闹 vt. 咆哮；呼喊；使……轰鸣 n. (Roar)人名；(挪)罗阿尔 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :5275}
arctic ['ɑ:ktɪk] n. 北极圈；御寒防水套鞋 n. (Arctic)人名；(英)阿克蒂克 adj. 北极的；极寒的 {gk cet6 toefl ielts gre :6116}
Georgia ['dʒɒ:dʒjә] n. 乔治亚州；格鲁吉亚（前苏联加盟共和国）；乔治娅（女子名） { :6718}
scarce [skeəs] adj. 缺乏的，不足的；稀有的 adv. 仅仅；几乎不；几乎没有 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :6771}
cram [kræm] n. 死记硬背；极度拥挤 adj. 填鸭式学的 vi. 狼吞虎咽地吃东西；死记硬背功课 vt. 填满，塞满；死记硬背；猛吃 n. (Cram)人名；(英、德)克拉姆 {toefl gre :7380}
conserve [kənˈsɜ:v] n. 果酱；蜜饯 vt. 保存；将…做成蜜饯；使守恒 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :7632}
insulation [ˌɪnsjuˈleɪʃn] n. 绝缘；隔离，孤立 {toefl :8040}
ancestral [æn'sestrəl] adj. 祖先的；祖传的 {toefl :8966}
pups [pʌps] abbr. puppies 小狗，幼犬，自负的青年 n. 小狗( pup的名词复数 ); 自负的傻小子; （小狐，小海豹等）幼小的动物; 卖给/买到伪劣货 { :9257}
receptive [rɪˈseptɪv] adj. 善于接受的；能容纳的 {toefl gre :9761}
dissipates [ˈdisipeits] v. 驱散，消失( dissipate的第三人称单数 ); 浪费 { :9775}
harem [ˈhɑ:ri:m] n. 为一个雄性动物所控制的许多雌性动物；闺房里的妻妾群；闺房（伊斯兰教教徒的） { :13087}
Antarctica [æn'tɑ:ktɪkə] n. 南极洲 {gk toefl :13217}
astonishingly [ə'stɒnɪʃɪŋlɪ] adv. 令人惊讶地 { :13996}
难点词汇
dilate [daɪˈleɪt] vt. 使扩大；使膨胀 vi. 扩大；膨胀；详述 {toefl ielts gre :18343}
sired [saɪəd] v. 公畜( sire的过去式和过去分词 ); 陛下 { :22353}
walrus [ˈwɔ:lrəs] n. 海象 {gre :22942}
blubber [ˈblʌbə(r)] n. 鲸脂；哭泣 vi. 又哭又闹 vt. 又哭又闹 adj. 肿大的 { :23945}
moult [məʊlt] vi. 脱毛；换毛；蜕皮 vt. 脱毛；换毛 n. 脱毛；换毛 n. (Moult)人名；(英)莫尔特 { :26637}
ln [ ] abbr. 自然对数（Napierian Logarithm）；液态氮（Liquid Nitrogen） { :28828}
生僻词
walruses [ˈwɔ:lrəsiz] n. 海象( walrus的名词复数 )
词组
ancestral home [ ] [网络] 祖籍；老家；原籍
elephant seal [ˈelifənt si:l] un. 象海豹属；象龟 [网络] 海象；象豹；象鼻海豹
elephant seals [ ] [网络] 象海豹；海象；象海豹海
High Arctic [ ] [网络] 高北极地区；高纬北极地；北极腹地
marine mammal [ ] un. 海洋哺乳动物 [网络] 海产哺乳动物；海洋哺乳类动物
retreat into [ ] v. 退入 [网络] 退却到；陷入
sea mammal [ ] un. 海洋哺乳动物
South Georgia [ ] [网络] 南乔治亚岛；南乔治亚州；南格鲁吉亚
southern elephant seal [ ] [网络] 南象海豹；南方象海豹；南方象鼻海豹
southern elephant seals [ ] [网络] 南象鼻海豹
the bull [ ] [网络] 公牛；金牛座；斗牛秀
单词释义末尾数字为词频顺序
zk/中考 gk/中考 ky/考研 cet4/四级 cet6/六级 ielts/雅思 toefl/托福 gre/GRE
* 词汇量测试建议用 testyourvocab.com